• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Shown are a method and a device for the treatment of a process with gaseous compounds or solids and optionally loaded process water, from a wet cleaning plant for the purification of process gas, e.g. from a smelting reduction or from a direct reduction unit. Process water introduced in a container of a first process stage and degassed based on a reduced solubility of the dissolved compounds. The container has on its upper side a gas collecting space in which the separated gases are collected and discharged therefrom. Likewise, the treated process water is drained from the tank via a drain.
    公开号:AT510893A1
    申请号:T2094/2010
    申请日:2010-12-20
    公开日:2012-07-15
    发明作者:Alois Dipl Ing Gstoettenmayr；Hado Dr Heckmann；Kurt Ing Lukschander；Robert Dipl Ing Millner；Ulrike Dipl Ing Schmidt；Helmut Ing Siegl；Johann Dipl Ing Wurm
    申请人:Siemens Vai Metals Tech Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    1
    2010P21483AT
    Process and device for the treatment of process water
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The invention relates to a method and a device for the treatment, in particular for degassing, with a dissolved gaseous compounds, in particular with carbon dioxide (C02), carbon monoxide (CO) and optionally volatile organic substances and optionally with solids, polluted process water from a wet cleaning plant for cleaning Process gas, in particular from a smelting reduction unit, particularly preferably from a melter gasifier, or in particular from a direct reduction unit, more preferably from a direct reduction shaft or from a fluidized bed reduction unit
    STATE OF THE ART
    It is known from EP 0 633 051 A1 to purify contaminated liquids by flushing the liquids with purge gases, the pollutants being expelled from the liquid by the purge gas. Such methods are known as "stripping". The disadvantage here is that a large amount of purge gas is obtained, which contains the gaseous pollutants and must be subsequently fed to a treatment.
    It is known from DE 10 2007 055 297 A1 to purify effluents containing dissolved gases by means of a vacuum treatment, thereby removing the dissolved gases by degassing. To generate the negative pressure steam ejectors are proposed. The disadvantage here is the cost of generating a high negative pressure.
    PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION
    It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method and a device that allow easy and safe treatment of a process water loaded with gaseous compounds and optionally with solids process water.
    Such process waters fall z. In wet cleaning of process gases, e.g. of reducing gas, from a smelting reduction unit.
    I REPLACED 2010Ρ21483ΛΤ 2
    Pig iron production methods, such as COREX or FINEX, as a rule, use natural carbon carriers, in particular hard coal as an energy source. The energy release takes place by gasification of the carbon carriers with oxygen in a fixed bed of a reactor called a melter gasifier to essentially CO and H2. In this case, the generated hot gas penetrates the fixed bed in countercurrent, thus heating the carbon carriers charged in the process. Natural carbon carriers, in contrast to blast furnace coke, also contain volatiles in addition to water. Starting from the surface of the fixed bed, therefore, successive drying and cleavage of the volatile constituents of the carbon carriers takes place in the course of the heating. In addition to inorganic gaseous compounds such as CO, CO 2, H 2, the volatile constituents may also contain organic substances. It is important for such processes that the organic substances are converted by secondary reactions in the hot gas atmosphere above the fixed bed at temperatures of over 1000 ° C in compounds such as H2i CO, CH4 and carbon black. However, the following factors can affect the efficiency of this conversion: • too low gas temperatures in the melter gasifier cupola due to irregular operating conditions or improper operation, • a high dust content in the charged coal in combination with too little residence time of the dust particles in the hot gas atmosphere of the melter gasifier • unfavorable arrangement of the gas outlet from the dome relative to the coal entry.
    A portion of the hot gas leaving the melter gasifier may be used to recover cooling gas, after passing e.g. dry rough cleaning - be subjected to a wet cleaning. Likewise, the exhaust gas (top gas) is subjected to a reduction zone upstream of the melter gasifier (reduction shaft or fluidized bed system), whereby the gas supplied to the reduction zone is a mixture of unpurified hot gas from the melter gasifier and optionally the cooling gas. In this case, the organic substances, CO and / or CO 2 are partly deposited in the devices for wet cleaning and transferred into the process water. In this case, in the processing of process water, which includes a degassing, settling and cooling tower, there may be inputs of organic matter, CO and / or CO 2 in the ambient air. This must be avoided due to the above-mentioned partially toxic properties of these substances. Furthermore, dissolved CO 2 causes the pH
    NACKC " SCHT
    2010P21483AT 3 IM MM • »• · * ·
    Value of the process water lowered so far that this adversely affects the downstream process water system. On the one hand, corrosion problems can occur and / or uncontrolled outgassing of 0O2 leads to deposits in the process water system.
    The object is achieved in that the process water is introduced via an entry element into a closed container of a first process stage, in which the process water is subjected to a pressure drop Δρ, so that degassing occurs due to the reduced solubility of the gases dissolved in the process water. The container has on its upper side a gas collecting space. The level in the container is controlled so that above the level in the gas collection chamber, the separated gases can be collected and removed from it. The treated process water is drained from the tank via a drain.
    The invention therefore makes use of the reduced solubility of gases in a process water, this reduced solubility being brought about by a pressure reduction. Due to a spontaneous pressure drop as possible, there is an effective outgassing of the dissolved gases from the process water. It is also conceivable to perform the pressure drop in more than one stage. The absolute pressure is determined by the operating pressure of the plant from which the process water comes, but can also be correspondingly reduced as needed, whereby a suppression can be adjusted based on the atmospheric pressure. Usual process water pressures are up to 10 bar in the course of wet cleaning and are reduced by a level control. The setting of a negative pressure has the advantage that the carryover of gases into downstream treatment facilities can be largely avoided.
    According to a special embodiment of the method according to the invention, process water is introduced via at least one device for dispersing process water into the gas collecting space, in particular finely distributed, in order to increase the mass transfer area. This process water is finely distributed in the gas collection chamber, so that there is a separation of the dissolved gases and thus a transition of the dissolved gases in the gas collection chamber.
    The entry of the process water can also be done directly in the container below the level, with a combined entry below the level and finely distributed in the gas collection is possible.
    j nachge: ·, EICHT
    2010P21483AT 4 • kr ·
    According to a suitable embodiment of the method according to the invention, the pressure drop Δρ is generated by the entry element when the process water is introduced, this taking the form of a valve and / or nozzle and / or orifice and / or siphon. The execution of the entry element can be selected as needed. The pressure drop can occur between the wet cleaning and the first process stage, in particular when entering the first process stage.
    A combination with a valve is conceivable, so as to be able to make a regulation of the flow rate. According to a particular embodiment of the method according to the invention, the gases discharged from the container are dried in a mist eliminator and / or a heater and / or a filter and / or an absorber, in particular using an absorbent supplied and separated the organic matter. In the course of degassing, the gases escape from the process water and rise in the container in the vertically oriented container part, and it can also occur that in the discharge and moisture is also conducted. Therefore, it may also be necessary to dry the discharged gases in order to be able to supply them to a further treatment. According to the invention, this drying can take place in a mist eliminator and / or a heating device. Furthermore, it may be necessary to filter the discharged gases in order to remove the blower necessary to build up the negative pressure from solid and / or condensed substances, such as e.g. Tar materials, protect. Furthermore, an adsorber can be provided to rid the gas of toxic organic matter. Filters and adsorbers can be arranged separately or form a unit.
    A preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the gases discharged from the container are burned or heated, wherein the organic substances are destroyed by oxidation and / or thermal decomposition. Thermal decomposition thermally destroys potentially toxic, complex, organic compounds at high temperatures, turning them into non-toxic or less problematic materials.
    According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the pressure drop Δρ is 0.1-10 bar and takes place during the controlled introduction of the process water into the container. By introducing process water through a valve that can be regulated, the flow rate can be set and, through the changes from a narrow flow area in the valve to the tank cross-section, the spontaneous pressure drop as the process water enters the valve. Dio process
    SUBSEQUENT
    2010P21483AT 5
    * * * * * * * * * * * * I * * * * * water quantity can be linked to the level control of the scrubbers, as seen over a longer period of time, just like that A lot of water must be removed from the scrubbers as is supplied. Additional water can be produced by condensation from gas. The valve between wet cleaning and the inlet to the tank can have a complementary function to the valves of the level control in the scrubbers. The level control of a scrubber can at least partially take over the function of this valve.
    According to a particular embodiment of the method according to the invention, in particular at the bottom of the container, a carrier gas, in particular air, nitrogen or steam, to assist the degassing and / or for the purification of dissolved or suspended solids, introduced into the container. The introduction is advantageously carried out via a plurality of openings, which are arranged in a wide range over the underside of the container, but at least in the region below the vertical container part. Furthermore, it is possible at the same time to introduce carrier gas at different points in the container, for example also together with the introduced process water. Thus, the carrier gas can be distributed as evenly as possible in the container and thus introduced into the process water to be treated. Due to the rising carrier gas bubbles dissolved gas is discharged from the process water and flushed into the gas collection chamber. In addition, solids are also rinsed up.
    A further particular embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that foaming and / or floating sludge produced during degassing and / or by the removal of suspended solids is discharged from the gas collecting space via a scum discharge. Due to the separate discharge from the gas collection room, the floating or foam-bound solids can be safely removed from the first process stage and thus from the process water. Furthermore, this reduces the moisture of the separated gas. The discharged foam or scum can be removed by suitable measures, e.g. Drying, heating or rinsing, treated and obtained solids contained therein.
    According to a special embodiment of the method according to the invention, the degassed process water and possibly from the process water, especially in the form of sediments, settled solids, especially in the region of the lowest point of the container, discharged, the degassed process water via a closable drain and / or a Pump and / or via at least one hydrocyclone or over) • * 2010Ρ21483ΛΤ 6 • * * «* • ... • * · '' '' H •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• be discharged from the container. The process water can be discharged using the residual pressure or can be withdrawn by a pump with pressure increase. When using a hydrocyclone process caused a pressure drop in the hydrocyclone, while separated solids are removed via a so-called underflow. Due to the use of one or more parallel connected hydrocyclones or multiple flydrocyclones connected in series or a system of parallel and series hydrocyclones, it is also possible to separate finer suspended solids from the process water so that further purification is possible in the discharge of the already purified process gas comes. Furthermore, a fractionated deposition can be achieved, so that e.g. An enrichment of recyclables in the course of hydrocycloning can be achieved.
    Hydrocyclones are centrifugal separators for liquid-solid mixtures (suspensions). With hydrocyclones, solid particles contained in suspensions can be separated or classified. The suspension to be treated is introduced tangentially into a cylindrical segment, wherein the suspension is directed onto a circular path. A thereby forming vortex is directed downward, in which the suspension flows downwards. In a tapered conical segment, volume is displaced inward. This creates an internal, upwardly directed vortex, which is discharged through an upper drain. The heavier or coarse-grained solids remain on the wall of the cyclone and are discharged via the so-called underflow. The specific lighter or finer-grained fractions are removed by the upper discharge (also upper reaches).
    According to a special embodiment of the method according to the invention, the pressure in the container is lowered in dependence on the temperature of the process water in such a way that the process liquid is boiled. The known physical effect, according to which the boiling temperature depends on the pressure, can be utilized in such a way that the gases emerging from the boiling process water improve the degassing effect and at the same time permit the discharge of solids, such as e.g. of suspended solids.
    According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention at least a portion of the process water discharged from the container for further processing is again supplied to a first process stage according to one of the above claims. The repeated treatment can degas the process water and the separation of solids from the process water again
    SUBSEQUENT
    2010P21483AT 7
    be improved. In this case, the already processed process water can be re-introduced into the same container or treated in a first same subsequent process stage.
    An advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the treated process water is fed to a further process stage, comprising at least one column suitable for stripping the process water, with a further separation of at least gaseous compounds from the process water.
    Under stripping in a column, the skilled person understands a process in which compounds dissolved from liquids are expelled and removed as gases. It makes use of the fact that the vapor pressure of a dissolved gas in the liquid is higher than in a carrier gas, so that the dissolved gas can be converted into the gas phase. A possible variant is a guide of the liquid to be treated in countercurrent to a gas stream in a mostly cylindrical vessel, which is referred to as a column.
    Due to the further process stage even smaller residual quantities of dissolved gases can be achieved, whereby the separation into two stages allows each process stage to be set separately and thus the separation can be optimized.
    A special embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the separation in the column in a spray tower, by contact of the sprayed process water with a gas stream, or in at least one bubble column, by blowing a stripping gas into the process water, or in a packed column, with fillers and / or internals to increase the exchange surface occurs. The type of separation can be adjusted accordingly. In addition to unpacked columns (spray tower, bubble column), packed columns are also suitable, as the contact between the gas phase and the liquid phase is more intense here due to the contact of a downwardly flowing liquid film with a gas stream, thus making separation even more complete. It is also possible to serially arrange a plurality of non-packed separation stages in so-called tray columns, wherein the separation stages are realized in a container.
    As fillers or fillers are lumpy raw materials that can be used in a reduction or smelting reduction process after its use in the column, advantageous because of the contamination of the process water with a relatively high exchange rate must be expected. Under exchange rate is here in a READY |
    • * ι * * * a * * 2010P21483AT 8 • * Under certain time interval to be replaced amount of filler, based on the process water flow rate of the column understood. Even self-cleaning packs, such as wood packs, are conceivable in this function.
    According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the solids in the form of sludges, in particular coarse and / or scum, and the gaseous compounds are at least partially removed and discharged in the treated process water gaseous compounds in the further process stage in the first process stage. Due to the two-stage process management, it is possible to operate the first process stage in such a way that an almost complete separation of solids in the form of coarse and floating sludge occurs here. In addition to scum, which is due to its density, which is smaller than water, static floating, also floating can occur, which is caused by the so-called flotation effect of the stripping gas. In the flotation effect, solid particles are dragged with gas bubbles to the water surface and discharged with the foam from the container.
    The first process stage is thus e.g. optimized for the separation of solids. This can be achieved in that no or only a small amount of carrier gas is injected into the container of the first process stage, so that it also does not hinder the sedimentation of the solid particles in the container.
    The second process level is optimized for stripping. The loaded process water may e.g. abandoned in the head of the column, since sedimentation is not intended here. By abandonment of the loaded process water in the second process stage, a mass transfer between liquid and gas can be realized according to the countercurrent principle. This results in an optimal separation effect of the column.
    The object according to the invention is also achieved by the device according to claim 15. A closed to the surrounding atmosphere container with an entry element for entry of process water into the container, has on its upper side a gas collection chamber, which serves to receive separated from the process water gaseous compounds. In the upper part of the gas collection chamber, a gas discharge for the separated gases and, if appropriate, a floating sludge discharge and a discharge for the treated process water is provided. The inventive device thus allows a separation of dissolved gases and a sedimentation of solids, with a safe and simple discharge of the gases and
    | >, £ 9, 9
    2010P21483AT the sediments is made possible. Through the gas collection chamber, a collection of the separated gases is achieved, with the lowest possible humidity of the separated gases is achieved.
    According to an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, at least one device for dispersing process water into the gas collecting space is provided in the gas collecting space to increase the mass transfer area. Due to the fine distribution of process water, dissolved gases from the process water are transferred into the gas of the gas collection chamber, whereby these gases remain in the gas collection chamber and can be removed therefrom.
    According to a special embodiment of the device according to the invention, the entry element is designed as a valve and / or as a nozzle and / or as a diaphragm and / or as a siphon. A combination with a valve or another valve is conceivable, so as to be able to make a regulation of the flow rate. It is also conceivable to combine it with a buffer in order to compensate for the influence of short-term fluctuations in the process water quantity. The entry element may also be e.g. be adapted by exchange, with an adjustment to operating pressures or to flow rates can be made. The siphon can be formed by an upwardly directed pipe loop, wherein a differential pressure is needed to overcome the static pressure level. A combination of the entry element with a valve is possible.
    A special embodiment of the device according to the invention provides that the gas discharge with a mist eliminator and / or a heater for drying the gases discharged from the container, and / or with a filter and / or an absorber, in particular using an absorbent for separation of gaseous substances, is connected. For the further processing of the gases, it may be advantageous to remove residues of moisture. The gases thus dried may then be sent for recovery or conversion treatment. The combination of the mist eliminator and the heater makes it possible to almost completely remove the moisture. An absorber-treated carrier gas can also be used again for stripping.
    The filter is used to remove condensed substances. In addition to absorption, adsorption can also be used to remove gaseous substances. Adsorption uses solids, in particular solids, the absorption of liquid substances (washing liquids). As the adsorbent, fabrics having a high internal surface, e.g. how I FOLLOWED 10 2010Ρ21483ΛΤ
    Activated carbon, used. These substances are cyclically loaded and unloaded. The product of adsorption / desorption is a mixture of water and substances, which must be further processed. The adsorbent can thus also be a filter. The adsorbent should be chosen so that deactivated adsorbent can be disposed of in the process. During absorption, a laden washing liquid (wash oil) is obtained, which is treated by distillation.
    According to an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the container on its underside gas distributor for introducing a carrier gas, in particular air, for cleaning of dissolved or suspended solids, wherein the device has a plurality of openings and at least in a region of the container below the gas collection space is arranged. The device thus ensures the most uniform possible distribution of carrier gas, so that a large volume fraction of the process water in the container flows through the carrier gas. Advantageously, at least the area below the gas collecting space should be traversed with carrier gas.
    According to a possible embodiment of the device according to the invention, at least one gas distributor, in particular a static gassing base, such as a gassing tube, a gassing rod, a gassing pot or a dynamic gassing device, is provided in the container for dispersing a carrier gas in the process water and increasing the mass transfer area. For optimal degassing, the largest possible mass transfer surface is advantageous, which can be achieved by the variants mentioned.
    The carrier gas is distributed as finely and evenly as possible in the process water to be treated and thereby dispersed.
    According to an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention in the region of the lowest point of the container a discharge device, provided for discharging sedimented solids, and the discharge comprises a closable drain and / or pump and / or at least one hydrocyclone or a lock system, for the derivation of processed process water from the container.
    By providing a pump, it is possible to discharge the treated process water in a controlled manner or to suck it off.
    A hydrocyclone allows further separation of solids in the form of a thickened suspension via a so-called underflow. One possible variant is to provide one or more parallel and / or series-connected hydrocyclones, whereby even finer suspended solids from the I NACKGEREICHT [11
    2010P21483AT
    Process water can be separated. In the course of the derivation of the already purified process gas via the at least one hydrocyclone thus takes place a further purification.
    Another cost-effective solution is a lock system, which offers the advantage that the pressure level of the discharged process water changed accordingly and thus adapted to subsequent process steps and also can be decoupled in terms of pressure.
    According to a further advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, a second process stage, comprising at least one column suitable for stripping the process water, which is connected to the first process stage via the discharge for the treated process water, is provided. Through the second separate process stage, it is possible to set the first and the second process stage separately from each other and thus, e.g. to optimize the degasification and / or the separation of solids from the process water. A possible variant is to achieve a substantial separation of the solids in the form of sludges in the first process stage, wherein at least partial degassing takes place and to achieve almost complete degassing in the second process stage.
    According to a suitable embodiment of the device according to the invention, the column is a spray tower, with a deposition by contact of the sprayed process water by means of a gas stream, or as at least one bubble column, with a deposit by blowing a stripping gas into the process water, or as a packed column, with a deposit on lumpy fillers, in particular lumpy process materials from coal, coke or ore formed. The type of column can be selected as needed. In so-called tray columns also several non-packed separation stages can be arranged serially, with several separation stages are realized in a container. These separators can z. B. sieve plates, dual-flow trays (liquid and gases pass through the same openings), bubble trays or valve trays.
    In the case of a packed column, the fillers disadvantageously accumulate for cleaning, recovery or disposal. This process-related disadvantage can be compensated by the use of process materials of the metallurgical process, because the contaminated process materials in the course of the metallurgical process anyway thermally converted and thereby the problem substances can be destroyed. In addition, the use of packed columns has the advantage that here the contact later]
    2010P21483AT 12 «· between gas and liquid phase very intense and the separation of dissolved gases, ie the transition of dissolved in the liquid phase substances in the gas phase thus takes place to a greater extent.
    According to a special embodiment of the device according to the invention, at least one firing device is provided for the oxidation and / or thermal decomposition of the separated gaseous compounds from the first and / or second process stage. The combustion of the separated gaseous compounds, which often contain organic compounds, leads to thermal decomposition or oxidation, whereby the organic matter can be destroyed and converted into less problematic substances.
    A possible embodiment of the device according to the invention provides that the container is designed as a tilted, cylindrical or kesselelförmiger body and arranged on top of the container gas collecting space as a vertically oriented container part. As a result of the inclined arrangement, sedimentation of solids leads to a deposition of the solids predominantly in the area of the lowest point of the container, so that they can be easily discharged. Likewise, separated gas collects in the overhead gas collection room. Inclination of the container and position of the gas collecting space can be set as needed. A special case represents a vertically arranged container, wherein the gas collecting space is formed by the uppermost part of the container and no longer by its own Behäiterteil.
    Another possible embodiment of the device according to the invention provides that the container is a downwardly open cylinder, which is at least partially submerged in process water. In this embodiment, no closed container is necessary, the conclusion to the surrounding atmosphere is achieved in that the container is arranged immersed in process water. In particular, the container can dive into process water in a running as a tank process water tank. The operating pressure is then operated substantially below ambient pressure.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    The invention will be explained by way of example with reference to schematic figures. Fig. 1, 2 and 3 show possible embodiments of the device according to the invention or of the method for processing a loaded with gaseous compounds and solids with process water. _
    SUBSEQUENT
    2010P21483AT 13
    WAYS FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
    FIG. 1 shows a device with a first and a second process stage.
    The separation of the process stages is indicated by a dot-dash line. Via a supply line 7, in which a valve 2 and a nozzle 3 can be arranged, process water from a wet cleaning plant for the purification of process gas, such. Reducing gas, e.g. from a non-illustrated smelting reduction unit, in the closable container 1, which is designed in a possible embodiment as inclined arranged container 1. The supply line 7 may be arranged on the container 1 side, top or bottom.
    Due to a spontaneous pressure drop Δρ on entry of the process water via the entry element, which may be designed as a nozzle 3, into the container 1, there is a degassing of dissolved gaseous substances from the process water, since the solubility of dissolved in the process water compounds under the conditions strong decreases. The selection of the pressure drop and also the absolute pressure level at which the process is operated can be varied accordingly, always assuming the usual process pressures from which the process water is taken.
    The precipitated gaseous compounds rise in the container in the process water and accumulate in a gas collecting space 4 arranged on top of the container 1, which can be designed as a vertically oriented container part 4. The level in the container 1 or in the gas collection chamber 4 is adjusted so that always a space remains free of process water in the gas collection chamber 4. At the upper side of the container, gas distributors 12 are provided for introducing a carrier gas TG, wherein the devices have a multiplicity of openings and are arranged at least in a region of the container 1 below the gas collecting space. By the carrier gas TG, which rises in the form of a variety of finely divided gas bubbles, additionally dissolved compounds are expelled from the process water. Furthermore, suspended solids are also removed from the process water and pumped upwards. This can lead to the formation of foam in the gas collection chamber 4, which can be removed via a scum drainage 6. This can also lead to the formation of scum due to suspended solids that are excreted from the process water. This scum, like the foam, is removed and may be subjected to processing (e.g., heating, drying or rinsing). | nackgereicht j
    2010P21483AT 14
    Furthermore, it is also conceivable to provide 4 devices for the dispersion of process water in the gas collection chamber in the gas collection chamber. The separated gases then collect in a space above the dispersing means and can be withdrawn from here.
    The collected in the gas collection chamber 4 separated gases are fed via a gas discharge 5 a mist eliminator 9 and a heater 10 and thereby dried. The dried gas can be further treated in a filter 11, which can be designed as an absorber or as an adsorber. In an absorber, problematic substances are deposited on an absorbent. The gas thus treated can now be thermally reacted or oxidized, if appropriate after compression, in a firing device 18, whereby the toxic compounds are destroyed. Furthermore, this treated gas can at least partially also be used as carrier gas TG.
    However, the container 1 can also be operated without the supply or with a reduced supply of carrier gas TG, wherein there is an even better separation of solids from the process water by sedimentation. The solids sink to an area near the lowest point of the container 1 and can then be discharged via a discharge device 13 from the container 1.
    In a joint operation of the first and the second process stage, this procedure is advantageous, so that in the first process stage, the solids from the container 1 are largely separated and supplied to the treated process water after removal from the container 1 of the column 15 for further treatment of the process water becomes. Despite the reduced amount of carrier gas TG or even without carrier gas TG at least partial separation of dissolved compounds from the process water is achieved.
    The discharge of the process water can take place via a lock system, via a closable drain and / or with a pump 14 or via at least one hydrocyclone 17 or a group of parallel and / or series-connected hydrocyclones with a discharge 16. The discharge line 16 can also be equipped with a pump for drawing off the process water. The at least one hydrocyclone can be arranged in the container 1 or else outside the container 1. The parallel connection allows an optimum for the Abscheideaufgabe design of the hydrocyclones, regardless of the amount of process water to be purified. REPLACED |
    2010P21483AT 15
    Due to the process occurs during operation of hydrocyclones, a so-called underflow UL, which can be fed to a treatment. If the hydrocyclone 17 is arranged in the container 1, the solids thickened in the underflow will sediment out and be discharged from the container 1 via the discharge device 13 as sludge and a further processing, which z.ß. a drainage, supplied. In the case of an arrangement of the hydrocyclone or 17 outside the container 1, the underflow immediately provides the suitable for further processing sludge. The further processing includes, for example, a mechanical drainage. For this purpose, facilities such as decanters or chamber filter presses or other hydrocyclones are suitable. The thus dewatered sludge can be recycled (possibly after agglomeration) in the process or fed to another use. The water recovered during dewatering can be returned to the process water cycle (e.g., before process water treatment).
    In the column 15, the process water is then further degassed, which can be done in unpacked or packed columns. Due to the solids already deposited in the first process stage, it is no longer possible in the column to interfere with suspended solids, e.g. Sedimentation of solids in the fillers come, so that always a very high deposition rate of the dissolved compounds is achieved. The column 15 can be rinsed by means of a carrier gas TG. Foam S produced during operation of the column can be removed from the column 15 via a foam discharge line 20 and removed by heating, drying or rinsing.
    The gases separated off in the column 15 can in turn be subjected to drying or filtering or else thermally converted in a firing device 19. Furthermore, these gases can also be used at least partially as carrier gas TG. The now almost completely processed process water GPW has only very small amounts of solids and dissolved compounds and can therefore be reused for a usage, e.g. into the sedimentation tank of a conventional water treatment can be fed back to the process. An absorber-treated carrier gas can also be used again for stripping.
    Figure 2 shows a particular embodiment with a gas collection chamber 4, which is formed by a, downwardly open container, which dips into a process water filled with process water tank 21. In the gas collection chamber 4 opens a supply line 7, which communicates with nozzles 3 in connection. By means of the nozzle 3 is the
    I RETURNED I
    20IOP21483AT 16 * * * * *
    Process water subjected to a pressure drop and finely distributed in the gas collection chamber 4. The separated from the process water gases are removed via a gas discharge 5 from the gas collection chamber 4. Carrier gas TG is introduced into the gas collection chamber 4 via a gas distributor 12, not shown. Degassed process-5 water collects in the process water tank 21. Resulting foam or scum can be removed via scratches 22. The degassed process water can be removed via a discharge line 8. Deposited solids can be discharged via a discharge device 13 from the process water collection container 21. A recycle 23 serves to coagulate suspended solids.
    FIG. 3 shows another possible variant. The container forming the gas collecting space 4 in turn is immersed in a process water collecting container 21 filled with process water. In the inner, lower region of the container, which forms the gas collection chamber 4, a gas distributor 12 is arranged so that carrier gas can rise through the process water 15 within the container. In this case, a bubble column is formed, which causes a degassing of the process water inside the container. The distance from the gas distributor 12 and the process water level in the gas collection chamber 4 is selected such that a sufficiently large bubble column height is formed, in which it comes to a degassing of the process water by the contact of the carrier gas with the process water. Process water is introduced into the gas collection chamber 4 via a supply line 7. The separated gases are withdrawn via a line 5 from the gas collection chamber.
    2010P21483AT 17 »* ·» # * · * ·· «ι Φ i ι · * Φ · φ ··« * * • * · · I I · | · * «· · * * ·» ··· «I * ·
    REFERENCE LIST 1 Tank 2 Valve 3 Nozzle 4 Gas collection chamber 5 Gas discharge 6 Flume drain 7 Supply 8 Deriving 9 Discharge separator 10 Heating device 11 Filter (absorber, adsorber) 12 Gas distributor 13 Extractor 14 Pump 15 Column 16 Discharge from the hydrocyclone 17 Hydrocyclone 18 Firing device of the first process stage 19 Firing device of the second process stage 20 Foam discharge 21 Process water collection tank 22 Scratches 23 Recycling
    权利要求:
    Claims (25)
    [1]
    2010P21483AT 18

    1. A process for the treatment, in particular for degassing, one with dissolved gaseous compounds, in particular with carbon dioxide (C02), carbon monoxide (CO) and optionally volatile organic substances and optionally with 5 solids, polluted process water, from a wet cleaning plant for the purification of process gas, in particular from a smelting reduction unit, particularly preferably from a melter gasifier, or in particular from a direct reduction unit, particularly preferably from a direct reduction shaft or from a fluidized bed reduction unit, characterized in that the process water is introduced via an entry element into a container of a first process stage closed to the surrounding atmosphere, wherein at the entry, for degassing the process water, the process water is subjected to a pressure drop Δρ, so that there is a degassing due to the reduced solubility of the dissolved gases, wherein the container has at its top a 15 gas collecting space and the level in the container is controlled so that above the level in the gas collection space, the separated gases can be collected and removed from this and the processed process water is discharged through a drain from the container.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that to increase the mass transfer surface process water via at least one means for dispersing process water in the gas collection chamber, in particular finely divided, is introduced.
    [3]
    3. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the pressure drop .DELTA.ρ generated when entering the process water through the entry element | FOLLOW-UP 2010p21483AT 19 t »» · »4t *, this being designed in particular as a valve and / or as a nozzle and / or as an orifice and / or as a siphon.
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gases discharged from the container are dried in a mist eliminator and / or a 5 heater and / or a filter and / or an absorber, in particular using an absorbent fed and the organic substances are separated off.
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the gases discharged from the container are burned or heated, wherein the organic substances are destroyed by oxidation and / or thermal decomposition.
    [6]
    6. The method according to any one of the above claims, characterized in that the pressure drop Δρ is 0.1 - 10bar.
    [7]
    7. The method according to any one of the above claims, characterized in that, in particular at the bottom of the container, a carrier gas, in particular air, 15 nitrogen or steam, to support the degassing and / or cleaning of dissolved or suspended solids, introduced into the container becomes.
    [8]
    8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that in the degassing and / or by the removal of suspended solids resulting foam and / or scum is discharged via a scum drain from the 20 gas collection chamber.
    [9]
    9. The method according to any one of the above claims, characterized in that the pressure in the container in dependence on the temperature of the process water is lowered so that it comes to a boiling of the process liquid. 10. The method according to any one of the above claims, characterized in that at least a portion of the process water discharged from the container for further processing is again supplied to a first process stage according to one of the above claims. 11. The method according to any one of the above claims, characterized in that the treated process water is supplied to a, at least one suitable for stripping the process water column comprehensive, further process stage, wherein a further separation of at least gaseous compounds from the process water. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the separation in the column in a spray tower, by contact of the sprayed process water with a gas stream, and / or in at least one bubble column, by blowing a stripping gas into the process water, and / or in a packed column, with fillers and / or internals to increase the exchange surface occurs. 13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that in the first process stage, the solids in the form of sludges, in particular coarse and / or scum, and the gaseous compounds are at least partially removed and remaining in the treated process water gaseous compounds in the further Process level to be dissipated.

    9. The method according to any one of the above claims, characterized in that the degassed process water and possibly from the process water, in particular in the form of sediments, settled solids, in particular in the region of the lowest point of the container, are discharged, wherein the degassed process water on | f - / * «CEliTh | 20 2010Ρ21483ΛΤ a closable drain and / or is withdrawn via a pump and / or at least one hydrocyclone or via a lock system and the solids are discharged via a discharge device from the container.
    [10]
    10. The method according to any one of the above claims, characterized in that the pressure in the container in dependence on the temperature of the process water is lowered such that it comes to a boiling of the process liquid.
    [11]
    11. The method according to any one of the above claims, characterized in that at least a portion of the process water discharged from the container for further processing is again supplied to a first process stage according to one of the above claims.
    [12]
    12. The method according to any one of the above claims, characterized in that the treated process water is supplied to a, at least one suitable for stripping the process water column comprehensive, further process stage, wherein a further separation of at least gaseous compounds from the process water.
    [13]
    13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the separation in the column in a spray tower, by contact of the sprayed process water with a gas stream, and / or in at least one bubble column, by blowing a stripping gas into the process water, and / or in a packed column, with fillers and / or internals to increase the exchange surface occurs.
    [14]
    14. Apparatus for treating, in particular for degassing, one with dissolved gaseous compounds, in particular with carbon dioxide (CO 2) and carbon monoxide (CO) and volatile organic compounds. • Processed water, from a wet cleaning plant for the purification of process gas, in particular from a smelting reduction unit, especially, ····························································································. Preferred from a melter gasifier, or in particular from a direct reduction unit, more preferably from a direct reduction shaft, or from a fluidized bed reduction unit, in a first process stage,: t comprising a closable container (1), with a supply line (7), at least; ···: * 9 9 · · «an entry element (3) for introducing process water into the container (1), characterized in that the container (1) has on its upper side a gas collection chamber (4) for receiving separated from the process water 10 gaseous compounds, wherein in the upper region of the gas collection chamber a gas discharge (5) for the separated gases and optionally a floating sludge discharge (6) are provided and the container (1) has a discharge (8, 16) for the treated process water. 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that in the gas collection chamber 15 (4) for increasing the mass transfer surface at least one device for dispersing tion (12) of process water is provided in the gas collection chamber. 16. Device according to one of claims 14 to 15, characterized in that the entry element is designed as a valve (2) and / or as a nozzle (3) and / or as a diaphragm and / or as a siphon. 17. Device according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the gas discharge with a mist eliminator (9) and / or a heater (10), for drying the gases discharged from the container (1), and / or with a filter (11) or an absorber (11A, 11B, 11C), in particular using an absorbent, for the separation of gaseous substances, is connected.





    14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that in the first READY | Process stage, the solids in the form of sludge, in particular coarse and / or scum, and the gaseous compounds are at least partially removed and discharged in the treated process water gaseous compounds are removed in the further process stage. _ 21 2010P21483AT
    [15]
    15. An apparatus for processing, in particular for degassing, a dissolved with gaseous compounds, in particular with carbon dioxide (C02) and carbon monoxide (CO) and volatile organic substances and optionally contaminated with process water, from a wet cleaning plant for the purification of process gas, in particular from a smelting reduction unit , particularly preferably from a melter gasifier, or in particular from a direct reduction unit, particularly preferably from a direct reduction shaft or from a fluidized bed reduction unit, having a supply line (7), at least one entry element (3) in a first process stage, comprising a closable container (1) for introducing process water into the container (1), characterized in that the container (1) has on its upper side a gas collecting space (4) for receiving separated from the process water gaseous compounds, wherein in the upper region of the gas collecting space a gas discharge (5) for the separated gases and optionally a scum drain (6) are provided and wherein the container (1) has a discharge (8,16) for the treated process water.
    [16]
    16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that in the gas collecting space (4) to increase the mass transfer surface at least one means for dispersing (12) of process water is provided in the gas collecting space.
    [17]
    17. Device according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the entry element is designed as a valve (2) and / or as a nozzle (3) and / or as a diaphragm and / or as a siphon.
    18. Device according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the gas discharge with a mist eliminator (9) and / or a heater (10), for drying the gases discharged from the container (1), and / or with a FOLLOWING 22 is connected to a filter (11) or an absorber (11A, 11B, 11C), in particular using an absorbent, for the separation of gaseous substances.
    19. Device according to one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that the container (1) on its underside gas distributor (12) for introducing a carrier gas (TG), in particular air, for the purification of dissolved or suspended solids, wherein the Having a plurality of openings and at least in a region of the container below the gas collecting space (4) are arranged.
    20. Device according to one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that in the container (1) for dispersing a carrier gas (TG) in the process water and increasing the mass transfer surface at least one gas distributor (12), in particular a static gassing, a gassing, a Begasungsstab, a Begasungstopf, or a dynamic gassing device is provided.
    21. Device according to one of claims 15 to 21, characterized in that in the region of the lowest point of the container a discharge device (13), is provided for discharging sedimented solids, and that the discharge (8) has a closable drain and / or a Pump (14) and / or at least one hydrocyclone or a lock system, for the discharge of treated process water from the container (1).
    22. Device according to one of claims 15 to 22, characterized in that a second process stage comprising at least one suitable for stripping the process water column (15) via the discharge (8) or via a discharge (16) from one in the container (1) arranged hydrocyclone (17) for the treated process water is connected to the first process stage, is provided. REPLACED | 23 2010P21483AT
    23. Device according to one of claims 15 to 23, characterized in that the column (15) as a spray tower, with a separation by contact of the sprayed process water by means of a gas stream, or as at least one bubble column, with a separation by blowing a stripping gas into the Process water, or as a 5-packed column, with a separation by means of particulate fillers, in particular particulate process materials from coal, coke or ore, is formed.
    24. Device according to one of claims 15 to 24, characterized in that at least one combustion device (18, 19) for the oxidation and / or thermal decomposition of the separated gaseous compounds from the first and / or second process stage 10 is provided.
    25. Device according to one of claims 15 to 24, characterized in that the container (1) arranged as a tilted, cylindrical or kesselförmiger body and the top of the container arranged gas collecting space (4) is designed as a vertically oriented container part.
    26. Device according to one of claims 15 to 24, characterized in that the container (1) is a downwardly open cylinder, which is at least partially submerged in process water. REPLACED 2010P21483AT 25



    REPLACED 2010P21483AT 26

    Fig.2

    [FOLLOW-UP 27 2010P21483AT Fig.3 s

    COPYRIGHT: 18:

    Claims * * * * 1. Process for preparation, in particular for degassing, one with dissolved •. Gaseous compounds, in particular with carbon dioxide (C02), carbon monoxide * ... * * * * * (CO) and, where appropriate, volatile organic compounds and with solids; * * • • ψ process water from a wet cleaning plant for cleaning of '*' * ♦ · · »» * · »Process gas, in particular from a smelting reduction unit, particularly preferably from a melter gasifier, or in particular from a direct reduction unit, particularly preferably from a direct reduction shaft or from a fluidized bed reduction unit, characterized that the process water is introduced via an entry element into a container of a first process stage sealed to the surrounding atmosphere, the process water being subjected to a pressure drop Δρ during the entry, for degassing the process water, so that degassing occurs due to the reduced solubility of the dissolved gases, the container has on its upper side a gas collection chamber and the level in the container is controlled so that above the level in the gas collection space, the separated gases can be collected and removed from this and the processed process water is discharged through an outlet from the container, the degassed process water and off the process water, especially in the form of sediments, sedimented solids in the region of the lowest point of the container, are discharged, the degassed process water is withdrawn via a closable drain and / or pump and / or at least one hydrocyclone or via a lock system and the solids are discharged via a discharge device from the container. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for increasing the mass transfer surface process water via at least one device for dispersing tion of process water in the gas collection chamber, in particular finely distributed, is introduced, 3. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2 , characterized in that the pressure drop Δρ is generated when the process water is introduced through the entry element 5, this being designed in particular as a valve and / or as a nozzle and / or as an orifice and / or as a siphon. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gases discharged from the container are dried in a mist eliminator and / or a heater and / or a filter and / or an absorber, 10 in particular using an absorbent supplied and the organic substances are separated. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the gases discharged from the container are burned or heated, wherein the organic substances are destroyed by oxidation and / or thermal decomposition. 6. The method according to any one of the above claims, characterized in that the pressure drop Δρ is 0.1 - 10bar. 7. The method according to any one of the above claims, characterized in that, in particular at the bottom of the container, a carrier gas, in particular air, nitrogen or steam, to support the degassing and / or cleaning of 20 dissolved or suspended solids introduced into the container becomes. 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that in the degassing and / or by the removal of suspended solids resulting foam and / or scum is discharged via a scum drain from the gas collection chamber.

    • »*« * »* *

    [18]
    18. Device according to one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the container (1) on its underside gas distributor (12) for initiating a. ** · *. • t carrier gas (TG), in particular air, for the purification of dissolved or • ta + suspended solids, said means having a plurality of «1» * openings and at least in a region of the container below the:: gas collection chamber (4) are arranged. · * · * '· • t
    [19]
    19. Device according to one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that in the container (1) for dispersing a carrier gas (TG) in the process water and increasing the mass transfer surface at least one gas distributor (12), in particular a static Begasungsboden, a gassing, a gassing, a Begasungstopf, or a dynamic gassing is provided.
    [20]
    20. Device according to one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that in the region of the lowest point of the container a discharge device (13) is provided for discharging sedimented solids, and that the discharge (8) has a closable drain and / or a Pump (14) and / or at least one hydrocyclone or a lock system, for the discharge of treated process water from the container (1).
    [21]
    21. Device according to one of claims 14 to 20, characterized in that a second process stage, comprising at least one suitable for stripping the process water column (15) via the discharge (8) or via a discharge (16) from one in the container (1) arranged hydrocyclone (17) for the treated process water is connected to the first process stage, is provided.
    [22]
    22. Device according to one of claims 14 to 21, characterized in that the column (15) as a spray tower, with a separation by contact of the sprayed j later |

    ν '"process water by means of a gas stream, or as at least one bubble column, with a separation by blowing a stripping gas into the process water, or as a packed column, with a separation by means of particulate fillers, in particular, · > * "Lumpy process materials from coal, coke or ore, is formed. . * • * • • «ii
    [23]
    23. Device according to one of claims 14 to 22, characterized in that at least one combustion device (18, 19) for the oxidation and / or thermal ♦ * * decomposition of the separated gaseous compounds from the first and / or second process stage is provided.
    [24]
    24. Device according to one of claims 14 to 23, characterized in that 10 of the container (1) arranged as inclined, cylindrical or kesselförmiger body and arranged on top of the container gas collection chamber (4) is designed as a vertically oriented container part.
    [25]
    25. Device according to one of claims 14 to 23, characterized in that the container (1) is a downwardly open cylinder, which is at least partially submerged in 15 process water. SUBSEQUENT
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    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA2094/2010A|AT510893B1|2010-12-20|2010-12-20|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PREPARING PROCESS WATER|ATA2094/2010A| AT510893B1|2010-12-20|2010-12-20|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PREPARING PROCESS WATER|
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